The Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a critical screening test that examines the amount of alpha-fetoprotein in the pregnant woman’s blood. It is a part of what’s known as the Triple Test, which uses a blood test to examine the mother’s blood for AFP, human chorionic gonadotropin (Hcg), and estriol (a type of estrogen).
This is not a diagnostic test. Instead, the levels of alpha-fetoprotein found in the pregnant person’s blood indicate potential problems. AFP levels alert the high-risk pregnancy specialist to further explore the risk of a birth defect or genetic condition.
It takes a high-risk pregnancy specialist to understand the intricacies of this test. Patients in the Los Angeles area seek the expert counsel of Dr. Steve Rad, a double-board certified Obstetrician-Gynecologist with sub-specialty training in Maternal-Fetal Medicine (MFM).
Dr. Rad, a high-risk OB/GYN, advises expectant mothers to remain constantly vigilant about their conditions. Low-risk pregnancies can quickly escalate to high risk.
Dr. Rad and his team at the Los Angeles Fetal and Maternal Care Center have decades of perinatology experience. They are among the very best high-risk pregnancy specialists in Los Angeles. The team is also available to provide expert second opinions.
What is the alpha-fetoprotein test?
AFP is a protein found in the liver of the developing fetus. Some of this protein moves from the placenta to the mother’s bloodstream during development. The AFP test (also called Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein) studies the serum AFP level during the second trimester of pregnancy.
Too much or too little alpha-fetoprotein can signal problems with the fetus. AFP levels can signal the following conditions:
Abnormal development of the baby’s spine or brain (neural tube defect)*
Chromosomal abnormalities (Down syndrome)
Multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets)
Miscalculated due date (AFP levels fluctuate during pregnancy)
*75% to 90% of babies with neural defects are found during AFP screening.
When is the AFP test done?
The AFP test is most accurate during weeks 16 to 18 of pregnancy. It is important to have precise pregnancy dating because AFP levels fluctuate.
Every pregnant patient should be offered an AFP test, but it is especially advised for:
Mothers who have a family history of birth defects
Women over 35
Those who have taken harmful medication or illicit drugs during pregnancy
Alpha-fetoprotein levels measure the volume of AFP. The high-risk OB then merges the results with the mother’s age and ethnic background to measure the possibility of a genetic disorder.
High levels of AFP could indicate spina bifida or anencephaly. High levels can also hint at defects with the esophagus or failure of the abdomen to close. Most of the time, high levels of AFP point to the wrong dating of pregnancy.
Low levels of AFP point to potential chromosomal conditions such as Edwards Syndrome.
This test is also used in other areas of medicine to diagnose liver diseases like hepatitis C or to look for tumor markers for things like liver cancer and lymphoma and for differentiating malignant from benign tumors.
Call (844) 473-6100 or click here to schedule online
Understanding AFP Test Results
Once again, the AFP only tells doctors that you are at risk for a disorder. It does not make a definitive diagnosis. Abnormal test results indicate the need for additional testing during a follow-up visit.
Statistics indicate that there are between 25 and 50 abnormal AFP test results for every thousand pregnancies. However, of these abnormal results, only 3 – 6% will have a baby with a birth defect.
Many times, after an abnormal reading, the doctor will take another blood sample or take a high-definition ultrasound.
If the patient has a family history of birth defects or other risk factors, the doctor may recommend an amniocentesis during the second trimester. During this procedure, the doctor withdraws a sample of the amniotic fluid that surrounds the baby. This liquid contains fetal cells and various proteins that can be studied.
Your healthcare provider will discuss potential risks with you before the test. At that time the parents can weigh the pros and cons of the procedure.
What about further testing?
The idea of pursuing further testing is a personal choice and may vary from person to person.
Additional testing not only confirms a diagnosis but gives the prospective parents opportunities such as:
Pursuing potential medical interventions
Planning for a child with special needs
Exploring possible lifestyle changes
Seeking out support groups and other resources
Deciding if they want to carry the child to term
Other parents may decide not to pursue further testing for personal reasons:
They want to give birth no matter the results
Not carrying the child to term is not an option
Fear of harming the baby during testing
More about Dr. Rad
Perinatologist Dr. Rad and his world-class Maternal-Fetal Medicine (MFM) obstetrics and gynecology team at Los Angeles Fetal and Maternal Care understand your High-Risk OB and infertility needs before, during, and after birth. We provide compassionate care and help you understand your pregnancy, answer questions, and provide emotional support to safely navigate your pregnancy.
Dr. Rad has undergone rigorous training with high honors at renowned institutions including the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USC, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and UCSF Medical Center, as well as centers internationally in London, Austria, Israel, and Africa.
We are conveniently located for patients throughout Southern California and the Los Angeles area at locations in or near Beverly Hills, Santa Monica, West Los Angeles, West Hollywood, Culver City, Hollywood, Venice, Marina del Rey, Malibu, Manhattan Beach, Newport Beach, Irvine, and Downtown Los Angeles. We also offer in-home prenatal care and a fly-in program for out-of-town and international patients. Dr. Rad even travels to patients who need him throughout the U.S. and around the world.
If you can’t make it to Dr. Rad, he also offers virtual consultations worldwide.
Call (844) 473-6100 or click here to schedule online
Web Site Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions of Use
The Los Angeles Fetal & Maternal Care Center (hereafter referred to as the “Clinic”) supports initiatives that improve the quality of medical and health information available on the World Wide Web.
Your privacy is critical to us. Likewise, we have built up this Policy with the goal that you should see how we gather, utilize, impart, and reveal and utilize individual data. The following blueprints are our privacy policy.
Before or at the time of collecting personal information, we will identify the purposes for which information is being collected.
Your personal information, including SMS consent and phone numbers, will not be sold, disclosed, or shared with any third party under any circumstances.
We will gather and utilize individual data singularly to satisfy those reasons indicated by us and for other good purposes unless we get the assent of the individual concerned or as required by law.
We will just hold individual data for the essential length of time to satisfy those reasons.
We will gather individual data by legal and reasonable means and, where fitting, with the information or assent of the individual concerned.
Personal information ought to be important to the purposes for which it is to be utilized and, to the degree essential for those purposes, ought to be exact, complete, and updated.
We will protect individual data by security shields against misfortune or burglary and also against unapproved access, divulgence, duplicating, use, or alteration.
We will promptly provide patients access to our policies and procedures for administering individual data.
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As a result, we pledge the following:
1. Authoritative
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The information provided on this site is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between a patient/site visitor and his/her existing physician.
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We collect phone numbers from our patients and obtain consent to send SMS notifications or updates related to our services. We do not share these phone numbers with any third parties or affiliates for marketing purposes. The phone numbers provided are strictly used to contact the website visitor so we may fulfill their request (such as scheduling a consultation, etc.), obtain consent for SMS communication, and deliver relevant updates or notifications.
We are committed to safeguarding our patients’ privacy and ensuring that their personal information, including phone numbers, is protected from unauthorized access or misuse.
By providing your phone number with SMS consent, you agree to receive SMS notifications or updates from us related to our services”
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Where appropriate, this site’s information will be supported by clear references to source data and, where possible, specific HTML links to that data. The date when a clinical page was last modified will be displayed.
The source of the medically related content is written by the doctors and medical staff of the Clinic. Authorship is attributed to the content page, and all information is medically reviewed by the clinic’s education team.
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Any claims relating to the benefits/performance of a specific treatment, commercial product or service will be supported by appropriate, balanced evidence in the manner outlined above.
Please note that there are no guarantees that every medical treatment or surgery will satisfactorily cure or repair every condition for every person every single time.
Regarding any before and after pictures displayed on our website, the following are true:
The person in the before picture and the after picture are the same.
The pictures were not digitally modified or enhanced.
Each surgery produces unique results for each patient, and no one can guarantee the same result for every person visiting our website.
The Clinic has the explicit consent of its patients to take their pictures and publish them on your website.
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The designers of this Website will always seek to provide information in the clearest possible manner and provide contact addresses for visitors that seek further information or support. The Webmaster’s e-mail address is private@drsteverad.com.
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modify or copy the materials;
use the materials for any commercial use or any public presentation (business or non-business);
attempt to decompile or rebuild any product or material contained on the Clinic’s site;
remove any copyright or other restrictive documentations from the materials or
transfer the materials to someone else or even “mirror” the materials on another server.
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5. Amendments and Errata The materials on the clinic’s site could incorporate typographical or photographic mistakes. The Clinic does not warrant that any materials on its site are exact, finished, or current. The Clinic may roll out improvements to the materials on its site whenever without notification. The Clinic does not, then again, make any dedication to update the materials.
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About Good Faith Estimates
Dear Patient,
You have the right to receive a “Good Faith Estimate” explaining how much your medical care will cost.
You have the right to receive a Good Faith Estimate for the total expected cost of any non-emergency items or services. This includes related costs like medical tests, examinations, office visits prescription drugs, and equipment (items or services reasonably expected to be furnished by this practice).
Make sure your health care provider gives you a Good Faith Estimate in writing at least one (1) business day before your medical service or item. You can also ask your health care provider, and any other provider you choose, for a Good Faith Estimate before you schedule an item or service.
If you receive a bill that is at least $400 more than your Good Faith Estimate, you can dispute the bill.
Make sure to save a copy or picture of your Good Faith Estimate.
For questions or more information about your right to a Good Faith Estimate, visit https://www.cms.gov/nosurprises. To speak to our billing department, please call (844) 473-6100.
Thank you.
Dr. Rad and your friends at the Los Angeles Fetal & Maternal Care Center
Open Payments Database Notice
For informational purposes only, a link to the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Open Payments web page is provided here. The federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act requires that detailed information about payment and other payments of value worth over ten dollars ($10) from manufacturers of drugs, medical devices, and biologics to physicians and teaching hospitals be made available to the public.
The Open Payments database is a federal tool used to search payments made by drug and device companies to physicians and teaching hospitals. It can be found at https://openpaymentsdata.cms.gov.
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